Agent World Model in the Wild: Computer-Use Agent Environment Synthesis

Published on Oct 19

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Abstract

WildAWM synthesizes controllable computer-use environments and tasks to train general agents via interaction, improving out-of-distribution performance across web, CLI, and GUI benchmarks.

Agent learning is shifting from learning from human data toward learning through interaction with the world. However, scaling such learning directly in real-world computer systems is challenging and can introduce substantial security risks. We therefore propose Agent World Model in the Wild (WildAWM), a scalable pipeline for synthesizing controllable environments and tasks for training general computer-use agents (CUAs). Whereas existing approaches typically specialize in a single agent interaction interface, we construct executable environments that jointly support graphical user interfaces, model context protocol services, and command-line interfaces, allowing agents to flexibly combine visual interaction, tool use, and code execution. WildAWM is entirely powered by open-source models, demonstrating that high-quality computer-use environments can be generated without proprietary frontier models. Beyond environments, we address three recurring challenges in task synthesis: ensuring solvability, maintaining sufficient difficulty, and producing reliable verifiers, by introducing execution-based quality gates that combine heterogeneous agent rollouts, cross-judge consistency checks, and counterfactual probes of judgment robustness. The resulting pipeline synthesizes 341 long-horizon environment-task pairs that can require over 100 agent steps to solve and remain challenging even for frontier models, with GPT-6-Astra solving only 60% of them. We train two Qwen models of different sizes exclusively in these synthetic worlds. Both models achieve substantial gains across 8 out-of-distribution benchmarks spanning web, claw, and computer-use agents, demonstrating that learning in WildAWM's synthesized worlds generalizes broadly to unseen computer-use tasks. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/MSR-Orchard/WildAWM.

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