Smart home devices should work without the internet

Smart home devices should be able to work offline. Core devices need to operate even when offline, such as deploying MQTT middleware on ESP boards via Tasmota and implementing local automation on Raspberry Pi with Node-RED, retaining only Alexa and some AWS cloud services as auxiliary. Follow rules such as not removing old methods when adding new ones, keeping the system flexible, regularly checking automation logic, etc. Prioritize devices with battery life exceeding one year, and require cloud devices to have API logging functionality.